Stable homogeneous nitrocellulose-drying oil mixtures and process of making same



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WILMINGTON, DELAWARE,

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A conrona'non or DELA- BTAIBLE"HOIOGEHEOUS NITROCELLULOSE DBYIHG OIL HBTUBES AND PROCESS O1 invention relates to a process of producing a homogeneous mixture of a drying oil compound with nitrocellulose, and to the ulose mixture resultin from such process. More particularly t e invention comprises, as a new process, oxidizin a drying oil, as y blowing -it with air, until a test Q shows that it 1s completely and easily miscible "th nitrocellulose, at which time its iodine number willbe substantially less than as linseed oil or chinawood o Y foundthat the oil tends to nitrocellulose" when the solvent eva and that permanent mixtures can be 0 principal ingredients, or the nitrocellulose proportions with nitrocellulose what it was or 'nally, and then mixing it with the nitroce ulose; and, as a new prodnot, the homogeneous mixture of nitrocellulose and oxidized, or blown,-drying oil, with or without other modifying agents and/or thinners. V

For various purposes in the arts it is desirable to combine vegetable oils in various solvents. It is known that various non-drying oils can be used in this way and that such oils as castor ma be incorporated with nitrocellulose wlth a fiiir degree of ease. tem ts have been made to use utionof nitrocellulose in d ing oils such ilz it has been precipitate the orates, tained amqunt of nitrocellulose if in addition one of the that is, either the oil 1s present in relatively small proportions. When, for instance, the

only if an excessive solvent is used and attempt has been made to incorporate any considerable proportion of raw or boiled linseed oil with the nitrocellulose, it has beenfound that even though an excessive amount solvents such as amyl acetate, because of the small amount of oil which can 4 an further,

of solvent, is used, the oil tends to separate on standin or when the solvent evaporates, so that a car homogeneous film cannot be obtained.

Moreover it has been found that even though used in excessive amounts the only nitrocellulose solventswhich are efiective in this case are the more expensive high-boiling etc. Therefore,

be rmanentlmombined with nitrocellulose,

ause of the price and large amount of solvent required to or with a so- However, when atmixture together, been that up to thi the practical result has time mixtures of nitrocellulose with substantial proportions of dry ing oils have not been available to the nitrocellulose industries. 7

Now I have discovered that all of these difiiculties may be avoided and a permanent mixture obtained, if the drying oil before incorporation is subjected to a suitable blowing treatment with air or oxygen such as is more particularly described below. By this treatment the oil may be rendered miscible with the nitrocellulose practically inall proportlons, and the mixture once formed is permanent and no separation of oil from nitrohold the cellulose takes place either on standing or after the solvent has evaporated.

The pyroxylin-oil solution thus formed may be diluted or thinned as desired to reduce the viscosity, and I find that because of, the complete compatibility of the blown dr oil with the nitrocellulose the diluent $5 not be a solvent for nitrocellulose. but may include such non solvents as turpentine, benzol, xylol, etc., as liquids. However, the diluent may be varied over a fairly wide range of liquid nitrocellulose solvents and non-solvents to suit the particular-purposmrequired.

In preparing the oil for use'according to my preferred process, I may start with linseed, chinawood, perilla or other drying oil. This is heated to a suitable temperature and subjected to blowin with air. The air is forcedup through t e oil preferably'in fine bubbles. There results a drop in the iodine number of the oil, accompanied by an increase in the viscosi or body. The blow-ing' is continued until it is found on test that the oil 'is completely miscible with pyroxylin the examples given below the oil usedwell as mixtures of suchv but in generalcompatible with pyroxylin The nitrocellulose used is of the type there should be solvents present butyl acetate, 2% ethyl acetate, 18% alcohol, 20% benzol, 60%

E :vample 1 parts blown linseed oil 24 parts 16-oz. pyroxylin jelly (12.5% N. C.) 51 parts benzol Example 2 25 parts blown linseed oil parts 16-oz. pyroxylin jelly 35 parts benzol Example 33 parts blown linseed oil 33 parts 16-oz. pyroxylin jelly 17 parts turpentine 17 parts benzol Where the nitrocellulose composition is to function as a plastic, the proportion of drying oil used will be smaller than in the above examples, the exact amount depending upon the particular use of the composition and the presence or absence of other softening agents.

The mixture illustrated in the above examples can be used for various purposes with suitable variation in the content of thinner, as for instance in the manufacture of artificial leather, films, etc.

The term drying oil, as used in the claims, covers linseed, chinawood, perilla, and other oils of the drying type, but does not cover semi-drying 0118, such as cottonseed oil and olive oil; and in order clearly to distinguish between these two types, which are materially dilferentin their action for the purposes of this invention, I define drying oils as those having an iodine number of not less than 120.

As many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention may be made without departing from the spirit thereof, it is to understood that I do not limit myself to the above embodiments, except as indicated in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. The process of making a permanent mixtureof nitrocellulose and a drying oil which comprises blowing the hot oil with an oxidizing agent until said oil is completely miscible with pyroxylin jell and then mixing the blown oil with nitrocellulose.

2. The process of making a permanent mixture of nitrocellulose and a drying oil which comprises blowing the hot oil with air until said oil is completely miscible with pyroxylin jell and then mixing the blown oil with nitroce lulose,

3. The process of making a permanent mixture of nitrocellulose and a drying oil which comprises blowing the hot oil with air until said oil is completely miscible with pyroxylin jelly, and then mixing the blown oil with a solution of nitrocellulose in a liquid which is also a solvent for the blown oil.

4. In the process of making a rmanent mixture of nitrocellulose and a the step which comprises heating the oil, and blowing the hot oil with air until it has become so miscible with nitrocellulose as to form therewith a permanent homogeneous mixture and then mixing the blown oil with the nitrocellulose.

5. The process of making a permanent mixture of nitrocellulose and a drying oil which comprises heating the oil, blowing the hot oil" with air until it has become completely and permanently miscible in the desired proportion' of pyroxylin jelly, and then mixing the blown oil with nitrocellulose.

6. A process as claimed in claim 5 in which the blown oil is mixed with nitrocellulose in the presence of a common solvent.

' The process of making a mixture of a drying oil and nitrocellulose which comprises blowing the oil with air while maintaining the oil at a temperature of about 100 C. until the oil has become miscible in the desired proportion of pyroxylin jelly, and then mixing the oil with nitrocellulose in the presence ,of a common solvent.

In testimony whereof I aflix In signature.

JAMES ELIOT l 3OOGrE.

rying oil, 

